Anyone who is responsible for a companys technical documents - operators manuals, service manuals, etc. - will be aware that what the end user wants is perfectly consistent vocabulary, to avoid any ambiguity. If it said retaining bolt in the previous page, why does it say retaining screw on this page? It is the same thing?

Recent years have seen great progress in the standardisation of vocabulary and phrasing in technical documents, and a great deal of that progress is due to the increasing use of translation memories. You may have tried out some of the on-line translation systems available on the Internet. You will have seen that while it is often possible to understand more or less what the original text wanted to say, the language employed is usually not acceptable. You only have to translate a short text into a foreign language and then translate the result back into English to see what sort of a mess the translation is to the foreign reader.

Translation memory has nothing to do with that sort of on-line translation. Translation memories are used to record accurate translations made by qualified translators, so that the next time the same words are used in the original text, the translation memory will automatically produce the same translation. This provides consistency of vocabulary and phrasing.

Translation memories are used by translation agencies and freelancers for two purposes:

1. To save time in translation, since the translator does not have to type the sentence again. This saves money.Like most service companies, translation agencies are selling time the time that their translators take in typing out and checking a translation.
2. To ensure consistency, particularly in repeated sentences. This gives the reader confidence in the document concerned, since he or she sees identical phrases and vocabulary in various parts of the document. It also ensures consistency of vocabulary, so that no confusion can exist as to Is this the same thing they were talking about on page 33 ?.

When various companies started to produce translation memories in the 1990s, they were mainly used by freelance translators to save time and to produce standardised translations. Translation agencies, almost all of which use freelance translators when their in-house staff have too much work, then started to use translation memory systems for the same purposes. The cost of translation was sometimes reduced, since three categories of translation were used:

• Perfect match (when the sentence to be translated already existed in the translation memory no action on the part of the translator the computer translates the sentence automatically) This category is often paid at 20% or 30% of per word price.
• Fuzzy match (when the sentence to be translated is almost the same as a sentence in the translation memory; in this case the translator has to check it for differences). This is often paid at 50% or 60% of per-word price.
• No match (when there is no such sentence in the translation memory). This is paid at 100% of per-word price.

Among some of the bigger companies in the world it then became usual to work with translation agencies who kept such memories on their behalf. Translation memories are now often used by the translation agencies for their medium and small customers and the advantages as regards consistency are immediately apparent to anybody reading the technical documentation.Companies working with translation agencies who use these systems also often enjoy lower prices for their translations.

If you would like to know more about this subject and about easy ways for companies to cut their costs while improving their documentation, please go to our website http://www.a-translation.com

Translation agency CEO who has set up and run sucessful translation agency in the UK and France and spent time in the Far East doing the same thing. http://www.a-translation.com

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